1999 Doubled Die Reverse WDDR-019

Description

At the Philadelphia Mint in 1999, the die preparation shop produced hundreds of working dies for cent production, each one sunk from a working hub under hydraulic pressure. The hub-to-die transfer is a precise mechanical operation where the hub's raised design is impressed into the die blank to create the incuse cavity that will strike coins. WDDR-019 records one instance where that transfer was imperfect — a slight misalignment between hub and die during one of the multiple impressions needed to fully sink the design. Modern die preparation typically requires fewer hubbing operations than earlier eras thanks to improved hub steel and press technology, but even single-hubbing can produce doubled dies if the hub shifts between the initial contact and full impression. The Lincoln Memorial reverse's E PLURIBUS UNUM motto, ONE CENT denomination, and twelve-column facade each respond differently to hub displacement depending on the direction and magnitude of the shift. Cross-referenced as Wexler Variety ID 1999 1¢ WDDR-019.

Attribution History

• Discovered by John A. Wexler Cross References: None known
• None known; Wexler Variety ID: 1999 1¢ WDDR-019
• Expert attribution by Wexler Team

External References