1990 Doubled Die Reverse WDDR-011

Description

Cross-referenced as CONECA 1-R-I and Crawford CDDR-006, the 1990 Philadelphia Lincoln Memorial cent WDDR-011 has been the subject of detailed overlay analysis by die variety specialist Billy G. Crawford, whose work demonstrated that the secondary images in this doubled die reverse derive from an inverted impression of the Memorial building. Crawford's overlay technique — superimposing a transparency of the normal Memorial design over the doubled features — revealed that the ghostly secondary elements match the building's architecture when rotated 180 degrees, indicating that the hub and die were oriented in an inverted relationship during one of the hubbing impressions. This finding places WDDR-011 in the category of inverted hub doubled dies, a mechanically distinct class where the die was rotated approximately 180 degrees between hubbing operations rather than merely shifted or tilted. The CONECA designation 1-R-I classifies this as a Class I hub doubled die on the reverse, and Crawford's independent CDDR-006 listing provides a third attribution reference. Inverted doubled dies are among the most fascinating varieties in numismatics because the secondary design elements — being fully rotated — create patterns that differ fundamentally from the directional spreads seen in more common rotational or lateral doubled dies. Struck at the Philadelphia Mint on a copper-plated zinc planchet (97.5% zinc, 2.5% copper) at 2.5 grams and 19mm diameter.

Attribution History

• Discovered by Billy G. Crawford Cross References: CONECA: 1-R-I, Crawford: CDDR-006 This image from die variety specialist Billy G. Crawford shows the highlights of the secondary images. This overlay provided by Billy G. Crawford shows how the arches and ceiling of the inverted Memorial building a perfect match for the secondary images seen in the previous photo.
• CONECA: 1-R-I, Crawford: CDDR-006 This image from die variety specialist Billy G. Crawford shows the highlights of the secondary images. This overlay provided by Billy G. Crawford shows how the arches and ceiling of the inverted Memorial building a perfect match for the secondary images seen in the previous photo.; Wexler Variety ID: 1990 1¢ WDDR-011
• Expert attribution by Wexler Team

External References